Illustration: Moa Thelander Expert conclusions on verbal extremism A Dispute over Methods The practice of mandatory recourse to linguistic experts’ opinions in cases pertaining to racial, ethnic, and other types of hatred and hostility, has caused the vast development of different approaches to the analysis of the texts. During last ten years, numerous methods for identifying “verbal extremism” have been recommended.
Vyiyavlenie skryityih smyislov teksta i lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza [Determination of the covert meanings of the text and linguistic expertise]. In Borisova E.G., Aniskina N.V. Ponimanie v kommunikatsii. Chelovek v informatsionnom prostranstve [Understanding by communication. A person and information space]. 25 Baranov, Lingvisticheskaya ekspertiza teksta: teoriia i praktika: uchebnoe posobie [Linguistic Investigation], 463. Kara-Murza, “Lingvisticheskaia ekspertiza kak protsedura politicheskoi lingvistiki” [Linguistic investigation as a procedure of political linguistics], Politicheskaia lingvistika, no 7 ( 2009), 49.
It has been suggested that the evolution of Russian legal linguistics has not yet resulted in a “common theoretical basis for linguistic investigation in court that is shared by all experts”. The current status of the proposed approach to studying texts in order to identify “hostility and hate” demonstrates both the difficulty of establishing a general theoretical basis for forensic linguistics as a whole and the contradictions that arise in applying the numerous methodologies that exist in Russian science for studying “extremist” texts. Published in the printed edition of Baltic Worlds BW 3:2016, pp 10-19 Published on balticworlds.com on oktober 25, 2016.
The text category of modality plays a major role in any text organization. It helps to express the author's viewpoint and form the reader's perception in a definite way. Modern journalistic discourse is characterized not only by provision of information for readers, but also by formation of a certain attitude with them; with that the affecting function often takes the form of manipulation. The text category of modality plays an important role in it and reveals itself in the choice and use of various modal means that reinforce pragmatic potential of the text.
The press, as a rule, responds actively to changes happening in the world. Newspaper text becomes an information transmission channel with a certain vision of reality. Journalese discourse is of particular interest because it is the newspaper, who is a mediator between the world of reality and the individual human consciousness. To express “the authorship” in the newspaper text is fundamental to the journalist, as its main goal is to openly get his thoughts, his views and assessments across to the reader.
Therefore, the authorization degree here is extremely high and the author’s modality is always explicit. The object of this article is to consider modality as a text-forming category in journalistic discourse, to identify functioning peculiarities of modality expression media enhancing pragmatic potential of the text. Keywords • • modality • • Mass Media discourse • • textual modality • • subjective modality. References • Negryshev V.
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Tekst kak ob'ekt lingvisticheskogo issledovaniya [Text as an Object of Linguistic Study]. Moscow: Nauka, 1981.
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